A New Pee-wee Herman Documentary Peeks Inside the Playhouse

Though he is well-known for only one, the performer and writer Paul Reubens lived many lives.

As the new documentary “Pee-wee as Himself” details, before he created his alter ego Pee-wee Herman, Reubens was a successful child actor in regional theater. Growing up in the circus town of Sarasota, Fla. (the longtime home of Ringling Bros.), he was surrounded early on by self-proclaimed freaks. He became an Andy Warhol-loving cinéaste; a serious collector of kitsch; and, by his 20s, an aspiring performance artist.

Among the many revelations in the three-hour documentary — which premieres Friday on HBO, in two parts — is his acknowledgment that he is gay, and that he was out of the closet before deciding early to barricade back in.

Reubens’s death, at age 70 in 2023, was another surprise; the cancer he lived with for years had been a secret to almost everyone. (The filmmakers, who captured 40 hours of footage with him, were unaware of his illness; he was still due to sit for his final interview.)

Even more startling, and illuminating, is the audacity of Reubens’s lifelong ambitions — and his vast and continuing influence. During his heyday in the ’80s, with the hit movie “Pee-wee’s Big Adventure” and the Saturday morning children’s show “Pee-wee’s Playhouse,” he offered fans a world of outlandish creative possibility, where anyone could be anything they dreamed up. Also, chairs gave hugs, the floor talked, and a mechanical Abraham Lincoln cooked you pancakes.

Pee-wee was bizarre at the time, too, but in retrospect, the global superstardom Reubens achieved is downright bonkers. With a B.F.A. from the California Institute of the Arts, he viewed his creation as conceptual art. He also meant to be famous. He was an avant-gardist, but “he wanted to be a superstar,” said Matt Wolf, the director of the documentary.