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    Susanna Mälkki and Santtu-Matias Rouvali Take Over the Philharmonic

    Susanna Mälkki and Santtu-Matias Rouvali made back-to-back appearances with the orchestra, leading similar programs with distinct style.Finland’s top exports may be machinery and fuel, but in classical music it is also one of the world’s leading producer of conductors.Over the past century, Finland has nurtured a culture of musical education that has brought about generations of brilliance at the podium. It has given us some of the finest conductors working today, like Esa-Pekka Salonen, as well as some of our buzziest, like Klaus Mäkelä, who picked up storied jobs in Amsterdam and Chicago before the age of 30.As if in a testament to the saturation of Finnish conductors, the New York Philharmonic booked two back-to-back: Santtu-Matias Rouvali, for a program that continues through Tuesday at David Geffen Hall, and Susanna Mälkki last week.The similarities between the two conductors’ programs don’t end with their nationality. Both opened with a contemporary work making its Philharmonic premiere; both featured late pieces by Richard Strauss; and both ended with music written during, and in the shadow of, World War I.Yet these two weeks at the Philharmonic felt satisfyingly distinct. There may be many Finnish conductors, but there is not a Finnish style of conducting. Mälkki and Rouvali both have an intelligent, even wise sense of shape, but are excellent in their own ways; she is a master of color, he of surprise. And the music they programmed, while superficially similar, differed in sound and scale.The biggest difference was between the two contemporary works. Rouvali’s concert, on Thursday, opened with Julia Wolfe’s “Fountain of Youth” (2019), a nine-minute exclamation that starts percussively, with scratch tones in the strings and scraped washboards. Then the score gradually expands to include the whole orchestra: fluttering, sustained notes in the winds and wailing, animalistic cries in the trombones, as well as stylistic interjections like blues, folk fiddle and rock.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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    Johnny Gandelsman’s ‘This Is America’ at the Met Museum

    Johnny Gandelsman has commissioned 28 pieces for his project “This Is America,” which explores themes of love, hope, inequality and injustice.In a quiet corner of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the violinist Johnny Gandelsman took a few deep breaths and began to play.“Sky above us,” he sang, with the cellist and songwriter Marika Hughes. “Ground below us; 360 support around us. Cut discursive thought.”It was Wednesday morning, the day after the presidential election, and Gandelsman, 46, a recent recipient of the MacArthur “genius” grant, was rehearsing “This Is America.” He will bring this project, a collection of 28 pieces he has commissioned and begun to record since 2020, to the Met’s American Wing for a marathon performance spread over Friday and Saturday, with the aim to capture the modern American spirit: its love and hope, but also its inequality and injustice.

    This Is America – An Anthology 2020-2021 (ICR023) by Johnny Gandelsman“This Is America” began four years ago, but, Gandelsman said: “The rhetoric is still the same; the injustices are still the same. I am doing everything I can to represent these voices and support them and uplift them.”For the project, Gandelsman, who was born in Moscow and grew up in Israel before coming to the United States at 17, provided composers with $5,000 and simple instructions: to write a piece for solo violin that responds to the times we are living in. They responded with a variety of styles, including contemporary classical music, jazz, world music and electronics.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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    The Musician Building the Great Native American Songbook

    The musician Tim Long was sitting at his dining room table on a September morning, looking at old family photos and talking about how good can sometimes emerge from suffering.Long’s mother, Stella, a member of the Choctaw Nation, grew up destitute in rural eastern Oklahoma. When she was young, her widowed mother remarried and moved nearby, leaving Stella and her four brothers to fend largely for themselves. The Oklahoma government put the children in boarding school, where Stella caught tuberculosis. One of her lungs had to be removed, and she endured two stints in quarantine that lasted a total of five years.One thing that gave her solace was her discovery of a classical music station on the radio. She developed a special fondness for Beethoven.“Without that, I wouldn’t be in music,” Long, 56, said over cups of oolong tea. “My life would not have happened if she — if my parents — had not had that broader outlook.”Long’s family in Yeager, Okla., before he was born. His father, Fred Long, is in back; his mother, Stella Long, is on the left, with relatives.via Timothy LongLong’s wide-ranging life in music has included playing the violin and piano, conducting, coaching singers and teaching. And now, he has taken on a new role, perhaps the most significant yet: commissioning.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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    Philharmonic Dismisses 2 Players Over Sexual Misconduct Accusations

    The orchestra said an inquiry found credible claims against the musicians of sexual assault and harassment. They denied the charges.The New York Philharmonic said on Monday that it had dismissed two players after an inquiry uncovered what it described as credible claims against them of sexual assault and harassment.The players — the associate principal trumpet, Matthew Muckey, and the principal oboist, Liang Wang — had previously been accused of misconduct, and the Philharmonic tried and failed to fire them in 2018.But the musicians were put on paid leave in April when the orchestra fielded new questions about that case. An investigation that began then has now turned up additional claims of misbehavior, the Philharmonic said.The orchestra last month informed the players that they would be dismissed at the start of the next season. They will remain on paid leave until then.“We have done the right thing and we have followed the letter of the law,” said Deborah Borda, the Philharmonic’s interim leader. “The facts strongly supported our case.”Ms. Borda said the inquiry had uncovered “patterns of sexual misconduct and abuse of power” by the two men. She added that Mr. Wang had engaged in inappropriate relationships with students and had improperly tried to influence decisions about tenure. In total, 11 women came forward with accusations against Mr. Wang, the Philharmonic said, and three against Mr. Muckey. The orchestra said the accusations ranged from inappropriate remarks to assault.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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    For Robert Treviño, Classical Music Was Never Elitist

    Robert Treviño, who has drawn acclaim for recent recordings, learned music in public school and wants to break down barriers for others.Classical music’s recording industry may be a shadow of its former self, but sometimes, a bit of light shines through. One of the brightest of late has been Robert Treviño, a Mexican American conductor who has been the music director of the Basque National Orchestra in San Sebastián, Spain, since 2017.Treviño, 40, has drawn acclaim in the past several years for recordings that are carefully prepared, exquisitely rendered and attentively controlled without ever sounding at all cautious. Enthusiastic fanfare greeted two Ravel discs on Ondine that tried to reclaim the composer as fundamentally Basque, and hence subject, as Treviño wrote in a note, to the “gravitational pulls of the Iberian Peninsula and France.”I have particularly admired remarkably sensitive Respighi with the RAI National Symphony Orchestra, of which Treviño is currently the principal guest conductor, and a frankly gorgeous survey of Bruch with the Bamberg Symphony on CPO.Most intriguing, and perhaps most revealing of Treviño himself, are “Americascapes,” a pair of bold releases of American music with his Basque ensemble. The first volume smartly explores works by Charles Martin Loeffler, Carl Ruggles, Howard Hanson and Henry Cowell. The second, which was released last Friday, begins with George Walker and ends with Silvestre Revueltas. At its dark heart is an aptly eerie, indeed at times quite ghastly account of George Crumb’s “A Haunted Landscape.”We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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    聆听近200年后首度现世的肖邦圆舞曲

    晚春的一天,在曼哈顿摩根图书馆和博物馆的地下室深处,馆长罗宾逊·麦克莱伦正在整理一批文化纪念品。其中有毕加索签名的明信片,一位法国女演员的老照片,还有勃拉姆斯和柴可夫斯基的信件。当麦克莱伦看到第147号物品时,他惊呆了:The Morgan Library & Museum那是一张有破洞、索引卡大小的乐谱残篇…………上面有小小的谱号和一个显眼的名字。这首曲子被标为“圆舞曲”。有一个草写的名字:肖邦。“我心想,‘这是怎么回事?这是什么呢?’”麦克莱伦说。“我认不出这是哪段音乐。”本身也是作曲家的麦克莱伦拍下了手稿的照片,并在家里用一台数码钢琴弹奏了它。真的是肖邦吗?他有些疑虑:这部作品异常激烈,以安静、不和谐的音符开场,然后爆发出轰轰烈烈的和弦。他把照片发给了宾夕法尼亚大学肖邦研究权威杰弗里·卡尔伯格。“我惊呆了,”卡尔伯格说。“我知道我以前从未见过这个。”在检测了手稿的纸张和墨水,分析了笔迹和音乐风格,并咨询了外部专家后,摩根博物馆得出了一个重要结论:该作品很可能是浪漫主义时代伟大的幻想家弗雷德里克·肖邦创作的一首不为人知的圆舞曲,这是半个多世纪以来首次有这样的发现。郎朗在曼哈顿施坦威音乐厅演奏肖邦圆舞曲全曲。Video by Mohamed Sadek for The New York Times这一发现可能会在古典音乐界引发争论,因为这个领域有时会对新发现杰作的报道持怀疑态度,而且历史上一直存在赝品和伪造手稿的情况。但近年来也有重大发现:德国莱比锡的一家图书馆于9月宣布,该馆发现了一份时长12分钟的莫扎特弦乐三重奏的副本。肖邦于1849年去世,时年39岁,死因可能是肺结核,新近发现的肖邦作品十分稀有。虽然他是音乐界最受喜爱的人物之一——他的心脏被浸泡在一罐酒精中,保存在华沙的一座教堂里——但他不如其他作曲家高产,他创作了大约250首作品,几乎全部是钢琴独奏曲。摩根博物馆的手稿据说是在1830年至1835年之间完成的,当时肖邦20岁出头。这份手稿有着几个奇特之处。尽管人们认为作品已是完稿,但它比肖邦的其他圆舞曲短——只有48小节以及一个反复段落,大约80秒。这首曲子为A小调,有着不同寻常的力度标记,包括开始不久的一处表示最大音量的极强音。但摩根博物馆表示确信这首圆舞曲手稿是真迹,并指出了肖邦的几个特点。The Morgan Library & Museum博物馆表示,该手稿纸张和墨水与肖邦当时使用的一致。手稿笔迹与肖邦的笔迹相符…………甚至包括不寻常的低音谱号画法。摩根博物馆收藏的另一份肖邦手稿也有类似的低音谱号。那份手稿上还点缀着肖邦的涂鸦,肖邦喜欢画画。“我们对我们的结论充满信心,”麦克莱伦说。“现在是时候将它公之于众,让全世界看看,并形成他们自己的看法了。”明星钢琴家郎朗最近在曼哈顿的施坦威音乐厅为《纽约时报》录制了这首圆舞曲。他说,这首作品让他感觉像是肖邦的作品。他说,刺耳的开头让人想起了波兰乡村严酷的冬天。“这不是肖邦最复杂的音乐,”他补充道,“但它是你能想象到的最地道的肖邦风格之一。”在肖邦去世后绘制的一幅肖像。 General Photographic Agency/Getty Images肖邦1810年出生于华沙郊外的一个村庄,父亲是法国人,母亲是波兰人。1830年,20岁的肖邦离开了波兰。他定居在巴黎,很快成为一名琴键上的诗人,他的音乐将人们带到全新的情感世界。与家人的分离以及对波兰未来的担忧可能是肖邦在这个时期的音乐作品带有苦痛色彩的原因之一。19世纪30年代初,波兰爆发了叛乱,武装反抗占领波兰部分领土的俄罗斯帝国。肖邦再也没有回到过祖国。“父亲绝望了——他不知道该如何是好,也没有人帮助让母亲振奋起来,”他在1831年游历德国时在日记中写道。“而我却无所事事地站在这里——我两手空空地站在这里。我只能无病呻吟,不时地对着钢琴发泄我的痛苦。”有一次,巴黎的一位贵族请肖邦解释他音乐中的忧郁,肖邦引用了波兰语单词“zal”,意为怀旧或遗憾。著名的肖邦传记作者艾伦·沃克表示,在圆舞曲等短曲中,可以明显感受到“zal”的韵味,肖邦在其中注入了一种此前只用于更宏伟的作品的情感深度。圆舞曲曾是欢快的舞厅主打曲风。但肖邦的圆舞曲从来都不是用来跳舞的。肖邦没有创作过交响曲、歌剧或清唱剧,人们并不总是将他视为一位严肃的作曲家。“我们的先祖从未想到,肖邦的一首短小的圆舞曲或玛祖卡舞曲,内涵会比博凯里尼的整部交响曲还要丰富,”沃克说。虽然专家认为肖邦创作了多达28首圆舞曲,但只有八首在他生前出版,九首在他死后出版。其余的都已轶失或损毁。他的一些圆舞曲振奋而精致,比如这首《华丽大圆舞曲》。还有一些则是嬉戏玩闹的曲目,比如《“小狗”圆舞曲》。此曲在流行文化中经久不衰,兔八哥和芭芭拉·史翠珊都曾演绎过。还有一些是忧郁的冥想,如《B小调圆舞曲》。那个时代的许多钢琴家喜欢在众多观众面前展示令人眼花缭乱的技艺。但肖邦讨厌他所谓的“空中飞人学校”式的钢琴演奏。他更喜欢沙龙的亲密氛围,在皇室、银行家、艺术家和音乐家面前表演他的作品——作曲家弗朗茨·李斯特称这些聚会为“肖邦教堂”。在这些场合,他的乐迷有时会索要圆舞曲等小作品作为礼物。肖邦同意了,偶尔会将同一首圆舞曲送给几个人。他至少有五次将《F小调圆舞曲》的手稿送给别人,全部是女士。“请您自己留着,”他在给一位受赠者的信中写道。“我不希望它被公开。”这首摩根博物馆的圆舞曲可能就是在这种情况下写成的。它被写在一张约4×5英寸的小纸片上,是一种常用于礼品的纸张。乐谱上有指法和力度记号,这表明肖邦认为这首曲子将来可能会用于演奏。但这位严谨的作曲家——在一页乐谱上花数周时间对肖邦是常有的事——似乎对这首圆舞曲有所犹豫。他没有像通常那样在乐谱上签名。根据笔迹分析,手稿顶端的“肖邦”是别人加上去的。此外,乐谱中还有几处未更正的节奏和记谱错误。艾莉莎·拉吉威尔画的肖邦,他讨厌所谓的“空中飞人学校”式钢琴演奏,更喜欢沙龙的亲密氛围。Universal History Archive, via Getty Images不管肖邦有何意图,这首圆舞曲从未公开过,也一直不为世人所知,可能一直在收藏家手中。纽约室内设计学院院长小A·谢里尔·惠顿一度获得了这份手稿。1972年去世的惠顿是一位狂热的签名收集者。他的子女说,他的大部分收藏都是从麦迪逊大道著名的沃尔特·R·本杰明签名店获得的。惠顿是一位业余钢琴家和作曲家,曾师从名师罗杰·塞申斯和纳迪娅·布朗热,对古典音乐情有独钟。二战期间,他作为海军中尉在南太平洋服役,只带了一本书:贝多芬晚期弦乐四重奏的微型乐谱。他写了三部歌剧,在去世当天完成了最后一部。小A·谢里尔·惠顿,摄于1958年。惠顿是一位业余钢琴家和作曲家,热衷于收集签名,肖邦手稿一度为他所有,后来连同他的其它一些资料被送到了摩根博物馆。via Paul Whiton“他总是弹奏肖邦,”他的儿子保罗·惠顿说。“这是他逃避现实的方式。”惠顿回忆说,他见过在康涅狄格州威尔顿祖宅陈列的这首圆舞曲,但家人并没有意识到它的重要性。惠顿的藏品于2019年作为阿瑟·萨茨的遗赠来到摩根博物馆,萨茨是惠顿的好友,从后者的妻子珍手中买下了这些收藏。五年来,这些藏品一直没有编目,部分原因是新冠大流行。藏品附带的说明没有提供太多关于这首圆舞曲的线索,只写着:肖邦,弗雷德里克音乐手稿。四行两谱表不明钢琴曲,看起来出自肖邦之手,但未署名。摩根博物馆的专家团队在红外线和紫外线下检查了手稿,以明确是否有损坏和涂改。他们确定这首曲子是用铁胆墨水在19世纪的机织纸上写成的。音乐风格与肖邦在19世纪30年代早期的作品一致。乐谱上的记号符合肖邦著名的细小笔迹特征,乐谱上方的“Valse”字样也是这样。研究人员考虑了其他可能性。肖邦是否抄写了别人的圆舞曲?会不会是学生的作品?这两种可能性似乎都不大。圆舞曲多变的开场仍然是一个谜。帮助鉴定乐谱的卡尔伯格说,这首圆舞曲的调——A小调——或许能提供线索。肖邦一些最汹涌澎湃的音乐都是用这个调式创作的,包括所谓的《冬风练习曲》、《第二前奏曲》,以及《第二叙事曲》的一些片段。“这个调,”卡尔伯格说,“让他写出了不同寻常的作品”。肖邦在1831年写了另一首狂暴且有不协和音的圆舞曲:《E小调圆舞曲》,同样是以爆发开场。摩根博物馆的这首圆舞曲的特殊性很可能会引发对其起源的争论。剑桥大学音乐教授约翰·林克说:“其中有很多极其不寻常的元素,你不得不问,这真的是肖邦的音乐吗?”他审阅了手稿的照片,但没有参与摩根博物馆的研究。尽管如此,林克还是认为很难质疑对笔迹、纸张和墨水的分析,称其为“关键的、决定性的因素”。他说,这份手稿可能反映了“肖邦充分发挥的想象力,一种在任何想法都还没有被琢磨透之前的创造性爆发”。肖邦会如何看待这首圆舞曲的公开?他经常用愤怒的涂写和墨水斑点来遮住自己的失误,他还告诉朋友们,他希望未发表的作品都在自己死后被销毁。不过,著名钢琴家和作曲家斯蒂芬·霍夫说,肖邦可能会为自己的音乐仍然受到人们的喜爱而感到高兴。他说,这首圆舞曲“可能没那么重要,但它有一种魅力和珍贵”。“只要肖邦知道他的影响是巨大的,他的作品被很好地收集、研究和记录了下来,”霍夫还说:“我无法想象他会不高兴。”音频:《降E大调华丽大圆舞曲》,作品第18号;《降D大调“小狗”圆舞曲》,作品第64号之1;《降B小调圆舞曲》,作品第69号之2,由阿图尔·鲁宾斯坦演奏(索尼古典)。《E小调圆舞曲》,作品号KK IVa之15,由爱丽丝·纱良·奥特演奏(德意志留声机)。由穆罕默德·萨迪克为《纽约时报》拍摄视频,在纽约施坦威音乐厅录制。由约瑟芬·塞奇威克、乔莉·鲁本和瑞秋·萨尔茨制作。翻译:Ziyu Qing、Annie Xu、晋其角赫海威(Javier C. Hernández)是《纽约时报》文化记者,报道纽约及其他地方的古典音乐和舞蹈。他于2008年加入时报,此前曾任驻北京和纽约记者。点击查看更多关于他的信息。

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    6 Performances Our Classical Critics Can’t Stop Thinking About

    Watch and listen to symphonies by Mahler, a new opera by Missy Mazzoli, Ray Chen’s take on video game music and more.The New York Times’s classical music and opera critics attend far more performances than they review. Here are some that hooked them during the past month.Mahler FirstsThe Boston Symphony Orchestra performing ‘Veni, Creator Spiritus’ at Symphony Hall.JOSHUA BARONE Despite years of hearing live music, we both had Mahler firsts this month; for me, the Eighth Symphony and for you the Third. Maybe it says something, that a composer so often performed still has his rarities.ZACHARY WOOLFE Certainly these pieces are difficult to mount; they’re as large in scale as symphonic music gets.Mahler’s Third SymphonyFrom the Philadelphia Orchestra’s performance at Marian Anderson HallBARONE True. I saw the Eighth at the Boston Symphony Orchestra, and it was mind-boggling to witness how much money it must have cost. This piece calls for eight vocal soloists, all of which were luxuriously (though imperfectly) cast, two standard choirs and a children’s choir. Mahler described it as having a Barnum & Bailey quality, which I don’t see as an advantage. At Symphony Hall, the opening felt as though it couldn’t have been anything other than an impenetrable wall of sound.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More

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    Maurizio Pollini’s Final Recording, Made With His Son

    Maurizio Pollini didn’t think his farewell on disc would be an album of music by Schubert with his son, Daniele. Now, it serves as an emotional coda.The pianist Maurizio Pollini was still exploring, right to the end.Throughout his long partnership with Deutsche Grammophon, Pollini, who died in March at the age of 82, offered invariably accomplished, intellectually alert recordings of repertoire including Bach and Chopin, Schoenberg and Boulez. In his twilight, he rethought music that he had recorded before, not least the last five sonatas of Beethoven — works with which he had previously confirmed his stature in the 1970s, in versions that still sound strikingly modern today.Pollini’s last recording, which was recently released, bids a somewhat surprising farewell. Dedicated to Schubert, it marks a welcome return to a composer whose music Pollini had not taped since the 1980s. But what makes the program so remarkably poignant is that Pollini is joined by his son, Daniele. Each musician first plays a solo work: Maurizio, a taut rendition of the Piano Sonata in G; Daniele, a shapely set of the “Moments Musicaux.” Then, father and son share a single instrument in a concluding, breathtakingly direct interpretation of the Fantasie in F minor, for four hands.And so Maurizio Pollini’s discography ends with one of the bleaker cadences in music, confronting tragedy without flinching. The recording was not intended to be valedictory, though. Made in Munich in June 2022, the Schubert was one of several studio projects that Pollini still had in mind, among them the second book of Bach’s “The Well-Tempered Clavier.”Instead, the sessions were an opportunity for father and son to work together. It was only their third time doing so. In 2016, they recorded a two-piano piece, “En Blanc et Noir,” as a coda to Pollini’s recording of the second book of Debussy’s “Préludes.” Before that, Daniele Pollini had conducted his father in Beethoven’s “Emperor” Concerto, in a filmed performance that made the elder Pollini particularly proud.We are having trouble retrieving the article content.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and log into your Times account, or subscribe for all of The Times.Thank you for your patience while we verify access.Already a subscriber? Log in.Want all of The Times? Subscribe. More